This learning resource involves the exploration of a mysterious stone mask discovered in a hidden cave in Italy. It provides students with the opportunity to engage with historical evidence, formulate logical inferences, and synthesize information from both text and visual artifacts. The activity guides students through steps of gathering evidence, analyzing what they see, and connecting their observations to form a coherent summary. Additionally, students are encouraged to think critically about the possible purposes behind the artifact and how new evidence could influence their inferences. This resource aims to enhance historical comprehension and analytical skills.