This learning resource focuses on the foundational ideas of two influential thinkers, John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu, and how their concepts shaped the U.S. Constitution. It emphasizes Locke's belief in natural rights—life, liberty, and property—and the government's role in protecting these rights. In contrast, Montesquieu's principle of separation of powers advocates for dividing government into three branches to prevent any one person from holding too much power. The resource encourages students to explore these ideas by matching them to constitutional principles and reflecting on their significance for a fair government.