This learning resource focuses on the analysis of grid-based urban planning and hydraulic engineering in Mohenjo-Daro, emphasizing the importance of centralized coordination in addressing environmental challenges. Students will define 'centralized planning' and its implications of authority through urban design. They will engage in activities such as dual-coding analysis, observing and hypothesizing about the geometric layout and resource management, and reflecting on the necessity of a central authority for advanced hydraulic infrastructure. Through predictive tasks and mapping exercises, the resource highlights the interconnectedness between urban health, drainage systems, and governance, equating effective urban planning with sustainable city survival.