This resource guides learners through the process of identifying the number of protons and electrons in an atom using its atomic number, focusing specifically on the elements Lithium and Nitrogen. It begins with a worked example for Lithium, explaining that in a neutral atom, the atomic number indicates both the number of protons and the number of electrons. Learners are then prompted to apply this knowledge to find the atomic number, protons, and electrons for Nitrogen, complete a drawing exercise, and discuss the significance of protons in defining an element's identity. The document further challenges students to identify a mystery element based on its proton count and includes a concept check to reinforce understanding.