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This resource explores the Age of New Imperialism from 1870 to 1914, defining key terms such as imperialism, colonies, protectorates, and spheres of influence. It highlights driving forces behind imperial expansion, including economic motivations for raw materials and markets, nationalism, technological advancements, and a 'civilizing mission' driven by social Darwinism. The document outlines major imperial powers and details the Berlin Conference's role in the Scramble for Africa, emphasizing the arbitrary borders drawn without regard to ethnic divisions. It discusses the impact of imperialism on Africa and Asia, notable case studies of exploitation like King Leopold II's brutal rule in the Congo, the British Raj's administrative control in India, and the Boxer Rebellion's resistance in China. Additionally, it describes the tensions between colonial powers, such as the Fashoda Incident and the Moroccan Crises, and the escalation of militarism leading up to World War I.