This resource focuses on the key concepts of natural rights and separation of powers as discussed by John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu. It uses a relatable scenario—the 'Divided Treehouse'—to illustrate these ideas. Students will learn about Locke's assertion that individuals are born with natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, emphasized through a fun analogy involving snacks. The resource also explores Montesquieu's idea of dividing power to prevent abuse and promote fairness, using examples like splitting responsibilities for access to the treehouse. Through engaging activities, students will connect these Enlightenment principles to the foundational ideas of the U.S. government, fostering an understanding of democracy and individual rights.